Colostrum is the pre-milk fluid secreted by the mammary glands of mammals and humans for up to 48 hours. It serves as life’s first food for newborns during those first crucial hours of life. Many specialized immune modulators and growth factors are found in high concentrations to stimulate over 50 different mission-critical processes. These include the rapid development of competent immunity and the growth and maturation of all life-sustaining body tissues.

This may be why research at both CDC and NIH shows that children who are breastfed have far fewer childhood diseases than those fed on formula.

Used as a natural, whole-food remedy for thousands of years, now medical research shows that adult humans can also receive the full range of benefits from bovine colostrum supplementation.

Fitness

Studies are now showing significant gains in fitness with colostrum supplementation. A widely reported study in Australia found a 20% increase in strength, stamina, and shortened recovery time for both soccer players and cyclists. Many bodybuilders and fitness experts say colostrum works better than any other legal substance they ever experienced.

The growth factors found in colostrum are now known to enhance muscle tone, burn off body fat, promote skin elasticity, and increase bone density. TgF alpha and beta (Transforming growth factors) stimulate the production and repair of RNA & DNA, as well as repair of damaged muscle fibers in athletes. EgF (Epithelial growth factor) stimulates enhanced skin healing. IGF-1 (Insulin-like growth factor 1) is able to “promote muscle growth by itself” according to Muscle and Fitness associate editor, Steve Schwade.

Bovine IGF-1 is effective in humans, differing in its structure by only 3 out of 67 amino acids, and bovine colostrum is found to be even higher in IGF-1 than in human colostrum. The growth factors in colostrum stimulate protein synthesis and slow protein breakdown, resulting in increased lean muscle mass. At the same time, they shift the metabolism from burning carbohydrates to burning more fats.

Olympic skiers taking colostrum experienced less fatigue and improved their performance in a placebo-controlled study in Finland. They also showed only half the level of blood creatine-kinase, a marker of muscle injury, compared to placebo control. Another Finnish study confirmed that athletes taking colostrum during strength and speed training did in fact show increased blood serum concentrations of IGF-1.

Overall, colostrum is considered as powerful as steroids at generating increased muscle mass when used in conjunction with exercise, but without the risks and side effects.

Studies have shown that the growth factors present in colostrum increase between 2,500 to 4,000% (from 2-5 ng/mg to 50-200 ng/mg) with exposure to acidity. To gain the maximum fitness benefits from colostrum, take it in powder form (empty the capsule in your mouth or onto food) toward the end of a meal, or 45 minutes before a physical workout session with a protein drink like One Step. Friendly flora, which naturally promotes a healthy acidity level in the colon may also enhance the benefits of colostrum.

Immunity

Colostrum also provides a potent array of immune factors including immunoglobins, cytokines, interferon, lactoferrin, and transfer factor. Supplementation of these factors can dramatically restore immunity, prevent infection, and speed healing and recovery from illness.

Bovine colostrum, in particular, is up to 40 times higher than human colostrum in these immune factors. Plus, only bovine colostrum contains certain glycoproteins and protease inhibitors which naturally protect these immune factors from being digested in the intestinal tract.

Even so, prolonged exposure to stomach acid would decrease colostrum’s immune effects. Swallowing colostrum in a capsule with a large glass of alkaline, anti-oxidant water (coral water or electrolysis water) between meals (or at the very start of a meal) should be optimum for immune benefits.

Immunoglobulins, such as IgA (in blood serum, tears, and mucus membranes), IgD (antiviral), IgE (antiviral), IgG (in the lymph and blood, and the most abundant in bovine colostrum), and IgM (antibacterial) are large molecules that attach to foreign invaders. Immunoglobulins make up about 40% of the protein in the blood serum.

Immunoglobulins are responsible for humoral or circulating immunity, while cytokines stimulate cellular immunity. Interferon plays a key role in immunity to viruses and cancer.

Lactoferrin has been the subject of many medical research studies, proving it to be a very potent and broad-spectrum natural anti-microbial and anti-viral agent. , A recent study in the Netherlands confirmed lactoferrin’s ability to inhibit HIV-1. In addition, lactoferrin is a potent anti-oxidant.

Transfer factor represents the immunity of the parent to pathogenic organisms which is transferred to the offspring via the colostrum. It is carried by molecules in the 3,000 to 10,000 molecular weight size range.

Yet another factor found in colostrum is PRP (polyproline-rich-peptides). PRP helps to regulate the thymus and normalize both underactive and overactive immune functions. This makes it an ideal remedy for those with autoimmune symptoms like chronic fatigue, fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and scleroderma. PRP relieves pain and swelling by preventing hyperimmune overproduction of T-cells and lymphocytes.

Colostrum is also one of the most potent known sources of methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), which relieves pain, aids in the healing of scar tissue, deters parasites, supports liver detoxification, and helps elimination of mercury, among its many functions. MSM, or organic sulfur, is considered the number 3 mineral in the body.

Colostrum even contains powerful soil-based organisms, which have been found to provide tremendous health benefits to human health.

According to the Centers for Disease Control, anywhere from 30% to 80% of commercial chickens are seriously contaminated with salmonella bacteria. ABV TV quoted a government source that reportedly as many as 33 million Americans suffer food poisoning every year, and that over 9,000 die. Colostrum has been shown to kill Salmonella, along with other disease-causing bacteria such as Campylobacter, E. coli (which killed people when it was present in contaminated meat supplies), Helicobacter pylori (the main cause of stomach ulcers), Listeria, multiple Streptococcus species, and Staphylococcus. This is good news in light of the increasing appearance of anti-biotic resistant super strains, such as vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

A study published in 1978 in the Journal of Pediatrics also found colostrum to be effective against Candida albicans.

Research shows that colostrum prevents and controls infection in multiple ways. First, according to clinical studies at Otago University in New Zealand, colostrum has been shown to inhibit the attachment of bacteria to the body’s epithelial (surface) tissue. This is a necessary first step for any infection to take hold. Second, lactoferrin acts as a natural anti-microbial and anti-viral. Colostrum also imparts passive immunity to many high-risk organisms, including the leading intestinal killers, E. coli and Rotavirus. At the same time, immune factors enhance the body’s natural defense against virtually all pathogenic bacteria and viruses.

Infections, such as intestinal infections that cause diarrhea, can be a real killer. Rotavirus, a major cause of diarrhea, is the world’s leading killer in areas with poor sanitation and contaminated water, but it is also spreading rapidly due to increased travel and immigration. Clostridium and Shigella are two other major killers linked to diarrhea. A 1987 study published in Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology showed that colostrum effectively kills Clostridium, the organism linked to botulism. An army study at Fort Deitric showed similar results with Shigellosis. Taking colostrum, along with friendly bacterial flora, whenever you travel abroad can be a life-saver.

Infection is becoming increasingly important as a cause of chronic degenerative disease, as we understand more about etiology, as well. Chlamydia pneumoniae (an intracellular parasite), for example, may be a triggering factor in atherosclerosis. Researchers now believe that this factor may account for up to 50% of all heart disease.

Tissue Repair & Reverse Aging

Colostrum’s growth factors stimulate regeneration and repair of muscle, bone, cartilage, skin, collagen and nerve tissues, as well as RNA and DNA. This not only means faster, more complete recovery from injury and illness. It is also how colostrum stimulates age-erasing effects.

With prolonged use, the skin becomes more youthful, while age-spots and liver spots disappear. Sexual function is enhanced and bone density increases. Research published in the New England Journal of Medicine has shown that Transforming Growth Factor (TgF-B) found in colostrum, is also produced by osteoblasts, the cells that build bone. TgF-B was found to dramatically increase cell apoptosis (programmed cell death) among osteoclasts, the cells responsible for breaking down and reabsorbing bone. In addition to colostrum, microcrystalline hydroxyapatite (found in Structural Integrity) and DHEA are proven to increase bone density.

Colostrum also helps to balance blood sugar and replenish neurotransmitters, resulting in better alertness and concentration, while enhancing mood. Both serotonin and dopamine are released in greater quantities, while their re-uptake is prolonged, allowing each molecule to work longer and more efficiently. For this reason, it is generally best to take colostrum in the morning and again sometime before about 4 PM (e.g. around lunchtime or a couple of hours after).

Intestinal Permeability

High intestinal permeability is a normal feature of newborn gut ecology. Colostrum functions to reduce inflammation, protect against irritation from toxins, and check any potential infection while promoting epithelial growth and repair. This combination of effects quickly reduces permeability, preventing toxins, irritants, allergens, and infectious agents from entering the body’s tissues.

A number of serious health syndromes are now known to be associated with an abnormally increased gut permeability. These include Crohn’s disease, cholera, Salmonella and E. coli infection, HIV, arthritis, chronic fatigue syndrome, hepatitis, cystic fibrosis, alcoholism, muscular dystrophy, fibromyalgia, and scleroderma. Research shows that colostrum can correct this leaky gut syndrome with its unique combination of immune factors and growth stimulators, which includes epithelial growth factors.

In fact, research has shown that colostrum is the single most effective agent for correcting leaky gut syndrome. Of course, other factors can help, too. These include friendly bacterial flora, folic acid, vitamin B12, and aloe. In addition, optimal nutrition should be ensured with a potent, broad-spectrum multivitamin and mineral supplementation program, a high fiber intake, and lots of steamed vegetables and greens in the diet. Avoiding refined foods, sugar, alcohol, caffeine, chemical additives, and tobacco is also crucial.

Colostrum also promotes re-colonization of the bowel by the friendly flora. These beneficial organisms help digest our food so that more nutritional value is available from the same diet and supplements. They also enhance nutrient absorption, feed the epithelial tissue, produce bulk for healthier elimination of wastes, produce B vitamins and prevent infection and disease. When colostrum normalizes this gut ecology, assimilation of nutrients is also enhanced. This means that other dietary, nutritional, herbal, homeopathic and lifestyle interventions work better, too.

Topical Applications

Colostrum, mixed into a paste with water, helps the body heal injuries such as burns, cuts, abrasions, ulcers, acne, and even surgical wounds with topical application (e.g. studies by Bhora, et al published in the Journal of Surgical Residency & Sporn, et al in Science) Topical use in the mouth helps relieve gingivitis, canker sores, sensitive teeth and speeds recovery from dental work.

The Perfect Food

Colostrum is the perfect food, combining all the crucial immune and growth factors in the exact synergistic combination necessary to promote life. For many, it is considered the ideal alternative to hundreds of pharmaceutical drugs, from antibiotics to steroids.

The research on colostrum has documented benefits from dosages in the range of 2 to 60 grams per day with no known contraindications, side effects, or allergic reactions reported with thousands of years of use. It is even safe for those with lactose intolerance. Some experts recommend taking it in a divided dose (at least 1 gram twice a day) with antioxidant water on an empty stomach for maximum benefits.

Here is a partial list of the benefits of colostrum:

Anabolic

Anti-Aging

Anti-Fungal

Anti-Inflammatory

Anti-Microbial

Assimilation

Athletic performance

Body building

Bone density

Cytokines

Digestion

Elimination

Epithelial growth factor (EgF)

Friendly flora

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1)

Immunity

Immunoglobins

Interferon

Interleukin-10

Intestinal permeability

Lactoferrin

Methyl Sulfonyl Methane (MSM)

Muscle tone

Prevention

Proline-rich Polypeptide (PRP)

Recovery time

Retinoic acids

Skin elasticity

Soil-based organisms

Sports performance

Stamina

Terrain

Transfer factor

Transforming growth factors alpha & beta (TgF-A & TgF-B)

Weight loss

Wound healing

Following is a list of some of the major conditions that your body may be able to better heal or prevent with colostrum:

Alcoholism

ALS (Lou Gehrig’s Disease)

Anemia

Arthritis

Atherosclerosis

Auto-immune conditions

Bacterial infection

Bone marrow transplant

Bullous Pemphigoid

Campylobacter

Cancer

Candida albicans

Chlamydia

Cholera

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFIDS)

Crohn’s disease

Clostridium

Cystic fibrosis

Diarrhea

Dysbiosis

Epstein Barr virus (EBV)

E. coli

Fibromyalgia

Food poisoning

Fungal infection

Guillan-Barre Syndrome

Heart disease

Helicobacter pylori

Hepatitis

Herpes virus

HIV

Influenza

Intestinal parasites

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Kawasaki Syndrome

Listeria

Multiple Sclerosis

Muscular Dystrophy

Myasthenia gravis

Neutropenia

Osteoporosis

Overweight

Premature birth

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

Rotavirus

Salmonella

Scleroderma

Shigella

Staphylococcus aureus

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Thrombocytopenia

Ulcers

Viral infection

Yeast infection

What scientists are saying:

“Colostrum has a virus antibody that acts against viral invaders. A wide range of antiviral factors were acknowledged to be present in colostrum.” from a study at the Center for Disease Control in Atlanta, Georgia, published by Dr. E. L. Palmer, et al, in the Journal of Medical Virology

“Colostrum contains non-specific inhibitors that inhibit a wide range of respiratory illnesses, notably influenza viruses. Colostrum is specifically cited for its unique effectiveness against potentially deadly outbreaks of Asian flu viruses that emerge from animal/human mutations.” This was published by Dr. Shortridge, et al, in the Journal of Tropical Pediatrics.

“Glycoproteins in bovine colostrum inhibit the attachment of the Helicobacter pylori bacteria that cause stomach ulcers. Colostrum contains significant amounts of interleukin-10, a strong inflammation inhibitory agent found significant in reducing inflammation in arthritic joints and injury areas,” wrote Dr. Olle Hernell, from the University of Ulmea, Sweden, in Science magazine.

“Colostrum and breast milk (from cows and humans) stimulates the newborn’s immune system; as yet unidentified proteins speed the maturation of cultured B lymphocytes and prime them for production of antibodies,” according to an article by Dr. Michael Julius of McGill University in Montreal, published in Science News.

“Immunoglobulins (in colostrum) are able to neutralize the most harmful bacteria, viruses, and yeasts,” reported Dr. Per Brandtzaeg in the Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

“Immune factors in cow colostrum, when taken orally, are effective against disease-causing organisms in the intestinal tract. Ingestion of bovine colostrum’s immunoglobulins may be a new method of providing passive immunoprotection against a host of gut-associated disease-causing antigens.” This was written by Dr. R. McClead, et al, and published in Pediatrics Research.

“Clinical studies show that IgE found in bovine colostrum may be responsible for regulating allergic response,” according to Drs. Tortora, Funke, and Cast in Microbiology.

“Studies with human volunteers found that the preservation of the biological activity of IgG in the digestive secretions of adults receiving bovine colostrum orally, indicates passive enteral immunization for the prevention and treatment of acute intestinal diseases,” according to Dr. L. B. Khazenson in an article in Microbial & Epidermal Immunobiology.

“Colostrum stimulates the lymphoid tissue, providing benefits in aged or immunodeficient people. Nature has used the oral route for the development of the immune system since the origin of mammals. Oral administration of immune factors is simple, inexpensive, free of side-effects and may be vastly beneficial in veterinary and human medicine, to correct immunodeficiency.” Drs. Bocci, Bremen, Corradeschi, Luzzi and Paulesu wrote this in the Journal of Biology.

“Immunoglobulin from bovine colostrum effectively reduces and prevents viral and bacterial infections in immune-deficient subjects: bone marrow recipients, premature babies, AIDS, etc.” according to the New England Journal of Medicine.

“Researchers reported that colostrum stimulates maturation of B lymphocytes and primes them for production of antibodies, enhances growth and differentiation of white blood cells. Similar activity in cow and human colostrum can also activate macrophages” according to Dr. M. Julius at McGill University in Canada (Science News).

“Immunoglobulin in colostrum has been used to successfully treat: Thrombocytopenia, Anemia, Neutropenia, Myasthenia gravis, Guillan-Barre Syndrome, Multiple Sclerosis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Bullous Pemphigoid, Kawasaki Syndrome, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, and Crohn’s disease, among others.” Dr. Dwyer wrote this in the New England Journal of Medicine.

“PRP, in bovine colostrum, has the same ability to regulate the activity of the immune system as hormones of the thymus gland. It activates an underactive immune system, helping it move into action against disease-causing organisms. PRP also suppresses an overactive immune system, such as is often seen in autoimmune diseases. PRP is highly anti-inflammatory and also appears to act on T-cell precursors to produce helper T-cells and suppressor T-cells.” Dr. Staroscik, et al, wrote this in Molecular Immunology.

“PRP was found not to be species-specific. It turns white blood cells into functionally active T-cells. Results were shown in the treatment of auto-immune disorders and cancer. An important immune modulator, it stimulates an underactive immune system and tones down an overactive one,” wrote Drs. Janusz and Lisowski in Archives of Immunology.

“Bovine colostrum contains TgF-B which has an important suppressive effect on cytotoxic substances (i.e. it is anti-inflammatory). It inhibits cell growth of human osteosarcoma (cancer) cells (75% inhibition). Mediator of fibrosis and angiogenesis (healing of heart muscle and blood vessels), (Roberts et al, 1986), accelerates wound healing (Sporn, et al, 1983) and bone formation (Centrella, et al, 1987)” write Drs. Tokuyama at the Cancer Research Institute at Kanazawa University in Japan.

“Only retinoic acids, found in colostrum, conferred protection and reduced colonization of the herpes virus. Although not a cure, retinoic acids effectively reduce the herpes virus to levels (1/100th to 1/10,000th) where the body’s immune system could fight off an outbreak.” Dr. Charles Isaacs, et al, wrote this in Science.

“Colostrum contains Retinoic Acid, which helps fight the herpes virus. It also contains glycoprotein (kappa casein) that protects against the bacteria that cause stomach ulcers.” – Dr. Raloff in Science News.

“Reducing viral levels in the body and stimulating natural immune capabilities holds the most promise in helping our immune systems contain the HIV virus,” according to Dr. Nowa and Dr. McMichael in Scientific American.

“Growth factors in bovine colostrum were found to be very effective in promoting wound healing. Recommended for trauma and surgical healing. External and internal applications” writes Dr. Sporn, et al, in Science.

“Cartilage-inducing Factor-A, found in colostrum, stimulates cartilage repair,” according to Drs. Seyedin, Thompson, Bentz, et al, in the Journal of Biological Chemistry.

“Bovine colostrum contains high levels of growth factors that promote normal cell growth and DNA synthesis” concludes Drs. Oda, Shinnichi, et al, in Comparative Biochemical Physiology.

“IgF-1, found in colostrum, stimulates bone and muscle growth and nerve regeneration. Topical administration to wounds resulted in more effective healing.” Drs Skottner, Arrhenius-Nyberg, Kanje, and Fryklund wrote this in Acta Paediatric Scandinavia.

“The failure of chronic wounds to heal is a major medical problem. Doctors suggest that an important role for growth factors is in promoting wound healing. Accelerated healing is possible for treatment with trauma and surgical wounds,” write Drs. Bhora, et al, in Journal of Surgical Residents.

“High age is associated with reduced levels of growth hormones: GH and IgF-1. Induction of GH and IgF-1 increase body weight through muscle growth of aged subjects.” Drs. Ullman, Sommerland, and Skottner are with the Department of Pathology and Pharmacology at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgren Hospital & HabiVitrum AB of Stockholm, Sweden.

What healers are saying:

Nikki Marie Welch, MD, a graduate of Duke and Johns Hopkins who did post-graduate work at Yale, says “I prescribe colostrum to about one-third of my patients. The anecdotal evidence shows that patients are thriving after taking the supplement – that their conditions usually improve substantially.”

Carl Hawkins, D.C., says “I use colostrum for problem patients who have been unable to get results with other doctors and courses of treatment. Being board certified in kinesiology, I use kinesiology testing extensively in my practice. When I test clients for colostrum, I find that it tests positive about 90% of the time, – more often than any other remedy I test.”

Pauqel Mason, a practicing herbalist, reports “The most common response I get from my clients is ‘I feel so good when I take it.’ Many of my clients find that after 6-8 months on colostrum, they are completely clear of all the allergies they had previously. I’ve also seen excellent results with Fibromyalgia, which is notoriously difficult to treat.”

Medical doctor, Roberty Y., has seen excellent results with Fibromyalgia, as well…in himself. A well-respected physician, who served as Chief of Staff at his community hospital and state President for the American Academy of Family Physicians, he was diagnosed with Fibromyalgia at the Mayo Clinic. Despite $1,000 a month in medications, nothing worked to relieve his muscle aches, fatigue, decreased alertness, poor sleep, and depression. Nothing, that is, until he began taking colostrum. After the first month, people in the community could even notice the difference and began asking him what he was doing. He was able to eliminate all medications, and after four months, considers himself fully 100% improved.

As a final note, colostrum’s effectiveness is partially credited with the current availability of health products and health information in America today. Several years ago, a Congressman from Iowa, Berkley Bedell, was suffering from Lyme disease, without relief from the standard medical treatment. Within 48 hours of using colostrum, he had achieved full remission.

When the farmer who supplied the remedy was arrested for practicing medicine without a license, Congressman Bedell realized that the laws needed to be changed. Together with Orrin Hatch from Utah, he drafted the now-famous Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) which eventually became Public Law PL 103-417. This law increased access to natural remedies and health information and effectively prevented the FDA from implementing plans to make most supplements available only by prescription.

What people are saying:

A Firefighter from Pennsylvania Battles Scleroderma…

George is a firefighter from Butler, Pennsylvania. He suffers from an autoimmune condition called scleroderma. He says, “I first noticed a tingling in my left calf muscle and some discomfort when I stooped down. I went to the doctor in February 1995. In the months that followed, my leg got worse with loss of hair, discoloration, increased thickening of the skin, a decreased range of motion, and increasingly severe pain when I stooped down.

The skin on my calf became so hard it seemed to be petrified. In September, after seeing many specialists and undergoing a lot of tests, I was diagnosed with linear scleroderma. I was no longer able to work as a firefighter.

Along with physical therapy, medications taken internally and applied topically (steroid cream), I had to take Tylenol #3 for the pain. I applied Vaseline to my leg and wrapped it with gauze to prevent infection. I would get large blisters on my leg which would break open and get infected. A biopsy was done and it was determined I had patches of bullous scleroderma. The blisters would take months to heal.

In March of 1996, I was introduced to colostrum. I was very skeptical about it and did not take it until mid-May, 1996. After three days of taking it, I noticed itching in my leg. On the tenth day, the pain in my leg was gone, and I noticed that a patch of morphea on my abdomen was gone – with only some slight discoloration left.

After six weeks, my doctor was astonished at the improvements and began weaning me off Prednisone and Cuprimine. At that time I increased the colostrum from six capsules a day to eight. I am continually seeing improvement – the thick skin has thinned out and become more pliable, requiring only an over-the-counter lotion.

I believe the colostrum is reversing the damage to my leg and that without it, I would still be having serious problems. Colostrum may or may not be the cure for scleroderma but it sure makes it easier to live with. I am back working as a firefighter.”

After 35 Surgeries, A Maryland Woman Has Hope…

Gwendolyn, a middle-aged woman from Fort Washington, Maryland, has suffered for years from Rheumatoid Arthritis. Here, in her own words, is her story…

“Beginning at age 18, with a hip replacement, up to age 37, I underwent 35 major surgeries due to rheumatoid arthritis and blood problems, including multiple bilateral, total joint replacements of hips, knees, elbows, wrists, and toes.

At age 43, I had to wear a brace for six months for cervical fractures in my neck. I then had to have my leg amputated above the knee due to disease, excessive bone cement from previous replacements, and years of steroids.

I developed the same problem with my left elbow. A 2 cm hole burst open above my elbow that continually drained greenish pus. The MRI showed significant infection in the humerus. A culture was done and the bacteria were staph, strep, and pseudomonas.

Immediate surgery was suggested to remove necrotic tissue and bone. My sister introduced me to colostrum. I applied it topically and took it internally. After just one month, the infection is gone. The hole above my elbow has closed. I have no more pain, swelling, or redness, and the tissue surrounding the wound that was dimpled is filling in.

Some other surprises – I will no longer need blood pressure medicine because my blood pressure is normal. Also, everyone is complimenting me on how vibrant and healthy I look. Colostrum has forever changed my life! I have been blessed!”

Starfire Colostrum

Starfire’s Colostrum is collected only during the first 12 hours, and processed at low heat for absolute maximum potency, and is guaranteed to contain 20% IgG and 0.6% lactoferrin. Our Colostrum also includes friendly Acidophilus flora for synergy. Start by building up to a loading dose of 4 or 5 capsules twice a day, then reduce to a maintenance dose of 2 capsules twice a day when desired results are achieved.

Endnotes

Noda, et al. Transforming Growth Factor Activity in Human Colostrum. Gann, 1984: 75; 19-112.

Francis GL, et al. Insulin-like growth factors 1 (IGF-1) and 2 (IGF-2) in bovine colostrum. Biochemical Journal, 1988: 251; 95-103.

Rudman D, et al. Effects of human growth hormone in men over 60 years old. New England Journal of Medicine1990: 323 (1); 1

Pakkanen R and Aalto J. Growth Factors and Antimicrobial Factors of Bovine Colostrum. International Dairy Journal 7 (1997) 285-97.

Burke E. in Nutrition Science News, May, 1996.

Mero A, et al. Effects of bovine colostrum supplementation on IGF-1, IGG and saliva IGA during training. University of Jyvaskyla, Finland.

Bellamy W, et al. Identification of the bactericidal domain of lactoferrin. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1121 (1-2): 130-6, 1992, May 22.

Kazuhito H, et al. Inhibition with lactoferrin of in vitro infection with human herpes virus. Department of Molecular Life Science, School of Medicine, Tokai University.

Wilson J. Immune System Breakthrough: Colostrum. Journal of Longevity, 1988, 4(2).

Henderson D. Fitness Benefits of Colostrum. Whole Foods, August 1999, p. 9.